Caesar makes a triumphant return to Rome after defeating Pompey’s sons. Amidst the celebrations, the soothsayer warns Caesar to “beware the Ides of March,” but Caesar dismisses the prophecy. Meanwhile, Cassius, alarmed by Caesar’s rising power, persuades Brutus to join a conspiracy to assassinate Caesar. The conspirators stab Caesar to death on the Ides of March, with Caesar’s famous last words, “Et tu, Brute?” marking the ultimate betrayal by his friend Brutus.
The aftermath of the assassination plunges Rome into chaos. Mark Antony, Caesar’s loyal friend, incites the public against the conspirators with a stirring funeral oration, turning the tide of public opinion. Brutus and Cassius flee and raise armies against Antony and Octavius, Caesar’s adopted heir. The play culminates in the Battle of Philippi, where Brutus and Cassius are defeated. In the final act, Brutus takes his own life, honouring his stoic principles. The play concludes with Antony and Octavius paying tribute to Brutus, acknowledging his honourable motives, despite his tragic flaws.
The play’s themes explore the complexities of ambition, honour, and republicanism. Shakespeare’s style masterfully blends rhetoric and dramatic irony, particularly in Antony’s speech, which sways the plebeians with its cunning repetition of “Brutus is an honourable man” to highlight the conspirators’ duplicity. The tone oscillates between the grandeur of political discourse and the intimate turmoil of personal loyalty and betrayal. The form adheres to classical tragedy, with a five-act structure that charts the rise, fall, and posthumous reputation of Julius Caesar, weaving a narrative rich in political intrigue and moral ambiguity
